Tugu Monument of Yogya

The Tugu Monument, Yogyakarta is a famous landmark that is located right at the center of Yogyakarta. This was originally built by Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono VI. The monument has a sphere as the top spire and this represents the universe. Previously that is during the colonial era there was a golden cylinder in the place of the spire.

In the Indonesian language the word "tugu" means column. The Tugu Monument that is there at the north of the Keraton at the interjection of the Jl. Sudirman and the Jl. Mangkubumi is not the one that was originally built. The first monument was built in 1755 to commemorate the setting up of the Ngayogyakarta Sultanate. The structure was built in direct alignment with the Mount Merapi and the Keraton. Thus it formed an axis that is said to have special power.

The attractions
Besides the Tugu Monument, there are other attractions that are going to make your visit a memorable one. There are innumerable ancient monuments and temples that are to be visited. Besides the historic factors Yogyakarta the place is really beautiful with the green rice fields dotting the area. The background is beautified with the Merapi Mountains.

The society not only in and around the Tugu Monument, Yogyakarta but all over lives in peace and the Javanese hospitality is very much evident. You should try and go around the place with the help of a pedicab, a bike or even a horse cart and you will always be greeted with warmth in all parts of the place.

The place oozes of the artistic temperament of the people. Be it the handicrafts, or the street musicians the place has got no dearth of pleasure.

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Temple of The Holy Heart

The church of Ganjuran or the Temple of Hati Kudus Yesus is located in Ganjuran, the Sub district of Bambanglipuro, about 7 km to the south of Bantul City. The temple was built on April 16th 1924 as a praying place with an architecture style of Hindu-Java.

The statue of the holy heart that is the symbol of Jesus Christ crowned within it, that symbolizes just and peace of God who is the King of the earth places in Indonesia or overseas who believe pray in the temple for many intentions.

The water that springs out from the water tabs in the foot of temple is believed to be able to heal many kinds of diseases.

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Candi (Ancient Temples)

Candi is ancient archeological structure constructed during 7th-9th century aimed for a specific religion (Budha or Hindu). It was constructed from hundreds of volcanic or river stone blocks and assembled solely by human labor. Candi walls is often carved with reliefs depicting stories, and a stone God or Godess statue usually sits at the center.

There are several candi located in Yogyakarta and it's proximity. Borobudur, one of famous candi is in Magelang, not far from Yogyakarta. Prambanan, also a well-known candi is in the Yogyakarta-Central Java border area. You can go there even they are not exactly settled in Yogyakarta. It's about couple hour to reach them.

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Museum where historical things placed

Some of Museum can you find in Yogyakarta. A great places to re-open our memories about upon time in Yogyakarat. They are:

Museum Dirgantara (aircraft museum)
It's on Jalan Kolonel Sugiono, Yogyakarta 55002 (behind Adi Sucipito Airport), +62 0274 564465, 564466. M-Th 8AM-1PM, Sa 8AM-12PM. This Indonesian aircraft museum holds several antique aircraft from WWII era such as Badger bomber, MIG-15 to MIG-21, P-51 Mustang, Catalina flying boat, Auster MkII, Lavochkin LA-11, F-86 Sabre, T-33 Bird, A6M5 Zero, etc. Rp 5000.

Museum Sonobudoyo
It's on Jalan Trikora 6, Yogyakarta 55122 (north alun-alun), +62 274 76775, 373617 (fax: +62 274 385664). A Javanese archeology museum, has many Javanese artefacts like wayang puppets, masks, statues, textiles, weapons, as well as a full set of Javanese gamelan instruments. Worth a visit if you have some extra time in Yogya, or you are interested in Javanese culture study. Rp 3000.

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In History : Welcome to Yogya

The Yogyakarta Sultanate, formally the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat, was formed in 1755 when the existing Sultanate of Mataram was divided by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in two under the Treaty of Giyanti. This treaty states that the Sultanate of Mataram was to be divided into the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat with Yogyakarta as the capital and Mangkubumi who became Sultan Hamengkubuwono I as its Sultan and the Sultanate of Surakarta Hadiningrat with Surakarta as the capital and Pakubuwono III who was the ruler of the Sultanate of Mataram as its Sultan. The Sultan Hamengkubuwono I spent the next 37 years building the new capital, with the Kraton as the centerpiece and the court at Surakarta as the blueprint model. By the time he died in 1792, his territory exceeded Surakarta's.

The ruler Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX (April 12, 1912 - 1988) held a degree from the Dutch Leiden University, and held for a time the largely ceremonial position of Vice-President of Indonesia, in recognition of his status, as well as Minister of Finance and Minister of Defense.

In support of Indonesia declaring independence from the Dutch and Japanese occupation, in September 5, 1945, Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX of Yogya and Sri Paku Alam VIII in Yogya declared their sultanates to be part of the Republic of Indonesia. The declaration is as follows:

"We, Hamengkubuwono IX, Sultan of the Land of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat, declared:

• That Land of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat function as a monarchy as a Special Territory of the Republic of Indonesia
• That we as the Regional Head of Yogyakarta held control and power in the Land of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat, and upon that cause in which the situation nowadays all government elements in the Land of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat from this moment is all under our control and with it too all other authorities we take over entirely.
• That the connection between the Land of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat and the Central Government of the Republic of Indonesia is direct and we will only bear responsibility upon our Land directly to the President of the Republic of Indonesia.

We ordered that all residents of the Land of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat to heed our mandate. Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat, 28 Puasa, Ehe, 1876" (Javanese Calendar), Gregorian Date: 5 Sept 1945 In return for this support, the declaration of Special Authority over Yogyakarta was then granted fully in 1950.

By this act, Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX was appointed as governor for life. During the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch after World War II (1945-1950), the capital of the newly declared Indonesian republic was temporarily moved to Yogyakarta when the Dutch reoccupied Jakarta from January 1946 until August 1950.

The current ruler of Yogyakarta is his son, Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X, who holds a law degree from Universitas Gadjah Mada. Upon the elder sultan's death, the position of governor, according to the agreement with Indonesia, was to pass to his heir. However, the central government at that time insisted on an election. In 1998, Sultan Hamengkubuwono X was elected as governor by the provincial house of representatives (DPRD) of Yogyakarta, defying the will of the central government. "I may be a sultan," he has been quoted in Asia Week as saying, "but is it not possible for me to also be a democrat?"

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